Horney’s theory Essay

1. Samara demonstrates Horney’s â€Å"moving towards† neurosis meaning she deals with anxiety by an excessive interest in being accepted, needed, and approved of. We first learn this in the first paragraph where it says, â€Å"she is sensitive to the needs of others.† She is constantly looking for a boy to accept her and does all that she can to make sure he is happy. An example of this would be when she cooks him big dinners and only goes to see movies he will like to. She get very bad anxiety when her boyfriends would hang out with other girls, which would lead her to become very possessive. 2. According to Horney’s theory, what leads Samara’s neurotic behavior is her tendency to take on a dependent role compared to others and her unlimited desire for love. â€Å"Moving towards† people see others as potential resources who can support them and help reduce their anxiety of being along so they seek love, approval, and someone to get close with in order to save them. 3. Samara’s self-image is not an accurate one. She does not have a very accurate idea of who she is. She is very insecure and relies on other people to help build her up therefore she is not able to realize her own potential and achieve self-realization. According to Horney’s theory, there is a discrepancy between Samara’s idealized self versus the real image of herself. Samara’s idealized self was created to overcome Samara’s feelings of inferiority and makes her try and possess all great qualities. This is the reason she is doing everything in her power to make her boyfriend at the time happy and doing all things for him. It is also the reason that Samara never thinks she is doing anything wrong. On the other hand, Samara’s real self is the reason behind all of her self-criticism and hate that is driving her towards always needing to be loved. Her ideal self is taking over her real self and is what is controlling her behavior and actions. 4. For Samara, there is a huge discrepancy between her organismic self and her perceived self. Samara’s organismic self is who she actually is, so she according to the reading Samara is someone is comes across as very insecure, demanding, lonely, and protective. She tries too hard to make her boyfriends happy. Her ideal self is the person she really thinks she is. Samara never  understands why boys don’t love her and why she isn’t married yet even though us as readers could tell right away what the issues were. Samara doesn’t understand her organismic self and that is what is causing Samara’s loneliness. 5. Another theory that could be useful in describing Samara is Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which states that people possess a set of motivation systems unrelated to rewards to unconscious desires. Samara is constantly looking to make herself happy and is relying on other things besides her own self to become happy. According to this theory Samara is stuck on the level of love and belonginess needs meaning she is seeking friendship, intimacy, affection and love. The reading says that Samara is rarely ever alone because once her and a boy break up she immediately goes on to another boy. 6. Carl Roger’s phenomenological theory is something that could change how Samara saw herself, her boyfriends, and how she acted towards her boyfriends. The concept of self-actualization refers to someone moving from a dependent person to an independent person and focuses on someone reducing their tension and their needs, which will help bring them more pleasures and satisfaction. Right now, Samara is also tense because she is worry about how to make another person happy hoping that their happiness will make sure they keep loving her. If Samara were to develop more confidence and trust she would be able to see all the good things she has going on and all of her strengths that will allow her to become a more independent person. Once she is able to do that she will be able to find someone else who will love her and they can have a much more healthy relationship than she has had in the past.

Houses as Motif: Kate Chopins the Awakening

Houses as Motifs in Kate Chopin’s The Awakening Linda Catte Dr. Kathryn Warren ENGL 2329: American Literature March 22, 2012 (KateChopin. org. ) (Krantz’s Grand Isle Hotel Picture of painting by Tracy Warhart Plaisance) (Reflechir: Vol. 1. Les images des prairies tremblantes: 1840-1940 by Cheniere Hurricane Centennial Committee) It is not new or unique that an individual is looking for one’s purpose and meaning in life. Nor is it unique that men and women imitate the norms of society. In Kate Chopin’s novella, The Awakening, Edna Pontellier, the antagonist, knocked against the societal norms of the late 1800’s.Houses represent Edna’s search for her inner self. The houses which Chopin uses in The Awakening come in pairs which contrast each other. Chopin uses the bird cage and the bath-house to illustrate imprisonment and freedom. The house on Grand Isle and the small house on the Cheniere Island represent restlessness and awareness. The grand house on Esplanade Street in New Orleans and the small house located just around the corner demonstrate confinement and control in contrast with freedom and independence. Each house brings to light different aspects of Edna’s personality as she searches for her inner soul and finds new awakenings along the way.As various houses are presented by Chopin, each will provide insight into Edna’s search for meaning in her life. In order to better understand Edna’s state of mind as Chopin begins The Awakening, the norms of society needs an explanation. Mr. Leonce Pontellier demonstrates characteristics of a husband who fits the societal norm of 1899 when The Awakening (Chopin) was written. Behaviors by Leonce are displayed in the opening chapter of Chopin’s novella. There are bird cages with a talking parrot and a singing mockingbird, hanging on the porch of the main house at Grand Isle. â€Å"Mr.Pontellier, unable to read his newspaper with any degree of comfor t, arose with an expression and an exclamation of disgust. † (Chopin, ch. 1) Leonce had the freedom to walk away from an irritation and find solace elsewhere. â€Å"Mr. Pontellier had the privilege of quitting their society when they ceased to be entertaining. † (Chopin, ch. 1) The bird cage represents imprisonment, the birds represents how individuals in society mimic what is repeated over and over. Although every word is not equally understood and interpreted by all, the words still have a meaning. (http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/images)Edna and Leonce were interpreting different meanings from what society expected. Edna had the burden of imprisonment because of the societal norm. Leonce had flexibility and freedom. He was a businessman with a wife and family that was expected to behave in such a manner that would exhibit appearances of a proper marriage and family. An illustration of Leonce’s attitude is revealed in Chapter One of Chopin's book, a few spe cific examples are, â€Å"†¦looking at his wife as one looks at a valuable piece of personal property †¦,† â€Å"†¦perhaps he would return for the early dinner and perhaps he would not. and â€Å"If it was not a mother’s place to look after children, whose on earth was it? He himself had his hands full with his brokerage business. † Leonce viewed himself as important, the roles of society were rigid and fixed in his eyes, and certainly to his advantage. (http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/images) Edna did not have the freedom to detach herself as her husband did from unwanted annoyances. Her escape to the bath-house provided as much freedom as Edna could possess at the time. â€Å"†¦had no intention of bathing; they had just strolled down to the beach for a walk and to be alone and near the water. (Chopin, ch. 7) Lounging at the bath-house on the beach with her friend, Madame Ratignolle, is when Edna realized realities about her marriage a nd children. Her life was now somewhat predetermined because of her own rash decision to marry Leonce out of rebellion against her father and sister Margaret. â€Å"Add to this the violent opposition of her father and her sister Margaret to her marriage with a Catholic, and we need seek no further for the motives which led her to accept Monsieur Pontellier for her husband. † (Chopin, ch. ) She desired passion as expressed in her daydreams prior to marriage, â€Å"It was when the face and figure of a great tragedian began to haunt her imagination and stir her senses. The persistence of the infatuation lent it an aspect of genuineness. The hopelessness of it colored it with the lofty tones of a great passion. † (Chopin, ch. 7) But she had no passion in her life. â€Å"As the devoted wife of a man who worshiped her, she felt she would take her place with a certain dignity in the world of reality, closing the portals forever behind her upon the realm of romance and dreams . † (Chopin, ch. 7) (http://office. icrosoft. com/en-us/images) Marriage did not bring fulfillment or satisfaction to Edna’s life, nor did being a mother. â€Å"She would sometimes gather them passionately to her heart; she would sometimes forget them. † (Chopin, ch. 7) When her children were away with their grandmother, they were not missed by their mother. â€Å"Their absence was a sort of relief, though she did not admit this, even to herself. It seemed to free her of a responsibility which she had blindly assumed and for which Fate had not fitted her. † (Chopin, ch. 7) What mother forgets her children and does not miss them when they are gone?Edna was searching for meaning in her life, she wanted happiness. (http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/images) (http://www. loyno. edu/~kchopin/Album10. html) Vacationing at the house on Grand Isle is where Edna’s dissatisfaction with her own life is brought to the reader’s attention by Chopin. †Å"An indescribable oppression, which seemed to generate in some unfamiliar part of her consciousness, filled her whole being with a vague anguish. It was like a shadow, like a mist passing across her soul’s summer day. It was strange and unfamiliar; it was a mood. † (Chopin, ch. ) Leonce’s role as a husband was unchanging, â€Å"†¦her husband’s kindness and a uniform devotion which had come to be tacit and self-understood. † (Chopin, ch. 1) Spending her summer vacation with the Creoles opened Edna’s eyes to a whole new society. â€Å"A characteristic which distinguished them and which impressed Mrs. Pontellier most forcibly was their entire absence of prudery. † (Chopin, ch. 4) Edna had been raised in a strict religious Presbyterian home by her father. (Chopin, ch. 22) Edna’s new acquaintances stirred new thoughts, there was an inner conflict within her.Unspoken expectations were present for societal norms to be followed fo r a devoted wife and mother, those like her new friend Adele Ratignolle. Edna longed to be her own person, depart from what is expected of her and discover what or who makes her happy. As more and more of Edna’s days were spent together with another new friend, Robert, she missed him when he was not around. â€Å"She missed him the days when some pretext served to take him away from her, just as one misses the sun on a cloudy day without having thought much about the sun when it was shining. † (Chopin, ch. 0) Mademoiselle Reisz impacted Edna, it started when she heard her play the piano at the grand party in the main house on Grand Isle. â€Å"Edna was what she herself called very fond of music. † (Chopin, ch. 9) As she heard the chords, she would envision in her mind what each piece of music was saying to her. But with Mademoiselle Reisz, it was different. Her emotional response was something she had never experienced. â€Å"The very first chords which Mademoi selle Reisz struck upon the piano sent a keen tremor down Mrs. Pontellier’s spinal column. † (Chopin, ch. 9) It was the exact emotion in which she was searching. But the very passions themselves were aroused within her soul, swaying it, lashing it, as the waves daily beat upon her splendid body. † (Chopin, ch. 9) It was that night Edna learned to swim; it was that night she did not do exactly what her husband asks of her. (Chopin, ch. 10) It was the house on Grand Isle that first awakened Edna to new thoughts and feelings. (http://www. loyno. edu/~kchopin/cheniere. htm) The next morning, Edna and Robert went to Cheniere Island. Edna’s behavior and attitude began to transform. She took steps of boldness by sending for Robert to go with her to Cheniere. She had never sent for him before. † (Chopin, ch. 12) On the boat ride to the island, Edna felt a sense of freedom, â€Å"†¦felt as if she were being borne away from some anchorage which had held h er fast, whose chains had been loosening-†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chopin, ch. 12) She began to daydream of a life where she was alone with Robert. She shared this imagined world with him as her flirtation intensified. (Chopin, ch. 12) When they reached the island, they fulfilled the intended purpose of the trip by attending mass at Our Lady of Lourdes. The freedom Edna had experienced on the boat ride was stripped from her as she sat in the church. †¦her one thought was to quit the stifling atmosphere of the church and reach the open air. † (Chopin, ch. 13) It was at this time that Robert took Edna to a small house on the island where she naps and discovers another facet of herself. Once she awakens, she and Robert have dinner outside the small house, the evening approaches, they do not want the day to end. â€Å"It was very pleasant to stay there under the orange trees, while the sun dipped lower and lower. (Chopin, ch. 13) Upon their return from Cheniere Island, Edna separates herself so that she can be alone to ponder her escape.The escape to the little house that gave her a taste of peace and contentment. â€Å"She could only realize that she herself-her present self-was in some way different from the other self. † (Chopin, ch. 13) (http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/images) Upon return to the grand house on Esplanade Street in New Orleans, Edna brought with her disappointment and heartache. She had not planned on Robert’s sudden departure to Mexico. As her life was becoming more self absorbed, she wanted Robert to remain part of her life. She was aware of her infatuation with him and reacted emotionally to his absence. †¦she had lost that which she had held, that she had been denied that which her impassioned, newly awakened being demanded. † (Chopin, ch. 15) Being home in the grand house where Leonce displays his possessions with such pride, left Edna feeling trapped and imprisoned. Her summer experience changed how she wante d to live her life. When Leonce was ready for life to be back just like it was before, Edna displayed behaviors of rebellion. She was not going to receive visitors on Tuesday afternoons any longer, she was not going to dress as expected for dinner, and she was not going to lead her life controlled by her husband. Chopin, ch. 17) bb (katechopin. org) Leonce was appalled at Edna’s sudden change in behavior. There were societal norms that were important to Leonce. He did not want their friends to think they did not behave properly. â€Å"†¦people don’t do such things; we’ve got to observe les convenances if we expect to get on and keep up with the procession. † (Chopin, ch. 17) The Esplanade house represents confinement and control over Edna. With her new found awakenings, she had no desire to return to the ways of her old life. â€Å"She resolved never to take another step backward. † (Chopin, ch. 7) Her thoughts remained with Robert. â€Å"She had tried to forget him, realizing the inutility of remembering. But the thought of him was like an obsession, ever pressing itself upon her. † (Chopin, ch. 13) (katechopin. org) Edna moved forward with confidence but still did not find the independence she was desiring. Leonce found her behavior â€Å"†¦odd, she’s not like herself. † (Chopin, ch. 22) â€Å"Her whole attitudetoward me and everybody and everything-has changed. † (Chopin, ch. 22) Leonce had concerns about his wife but left her alone upon the advice of Doctor Mandelet. He moved forward with his own (katechopin. rg) life and took a business trip to New York. Edna thought she might miss him , but found â€Å"†¦a radiant peace settled upon her when she at last found herself alone. † (Chopin, ch. 24) Her children were in Iberville with their grandmother. But this peace was short lived. She still did not have Robert. She looked to activities and relationships to find fulfillment in her life. But none provided the contentment and satisfaction she desired. (Chopin, ch. 25) While Leonce was away, Edna made a spontaneous and rash decision , while on a visit with Mademoiselle Reisz, to move into her own house. (Chopin, ch. 6) The small house was located just around the corner from their home on Esplanade Street. â€Å"It looks so cozy, so inviting and restful†¦I’m tired looking after that big house. It never seemed like mine, anyway-like home. † (Chopin, ch. 26) It was this small house where Edna was certain she would find peace and happiness. She would find what this cozy house represents, â€Å"freedom and independence. † (Chopin, ch. 26) Each house Chopin uses as a motif brings to light different aspects of Edna’s personality as she searches for her inner soul. Each house brings new awakenings for Edna along the way.Each house represents her search for meaning in life. â€Å"No longer was she content to ‘feed upon opini on’ when her own soul had invited her. † (Chopin, ch. 32) But Edna was unable to satisfy her soul. She wanted more than anyone or anything could give her. She wanted passion, she wanted Robert. When Robert left for Mexico, it was out of his love and respect for Edna that he could not stay. When he left the small house, it was, again, out of his love and respect for Edna that he must leave. It was Adele Ratignolle who reminded Robert in the beginning of The Awakening (Chopin) of his behavior as a gentleman. If your attentions to any married women here were ever offered with any intention of being convincing, you would not be the gentleman we all know you to be, and you would be unfit to associate with the wives and daughters of the people who trust you. † (Chopin, ch. 1) Edna did not have the wisdom to understand Robert’s rejection of her. She lived selfishly. â€Å"Conditions would some way adjust themselves, she felt; but whatever came, she had resolved n ever again to belong to another than herself. † (Chopin, ch. 26) This statement confirms that Edna’s soul would not be found with Robert. She was aware of her own emptiness. There came over her the acute longing which always summoned into her spiritual vision the presence of the beloved one, overpowering her at once with a sense of unattainable. † (Chopin, ch. 30) (http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/images) The emptiness Edna experienced after Robert’s departure left her hopeless. â€Å"Despondency had come upon her there in the wakeful night, and had never lifted. There was no human being whom she wanted near her except Robert: and she even realized that the day would come when he, too, and the thought of him would melt out of her existence, leaving her alone. (Chopin, ch. 39) It was when Edna stood before the ocean that she knew her future. â€Å"The voice of the sea is seductive, never ceasing, whispering, clamoring, murmuring, inviting the soul to wa nder in abysses of solitude. † (Chopin, ch. 39) The only answer to free Edna’s soul was to enter the sea. Freedom would come only in death. There was no turning back to the empty life which only brought despair, heartache and loneliness. The true love, passion, and happiness she envisioned for her life had escaped her. Robert brought a glimpse of the future Edna had envisioned.But that future was not for Edna. In the ocean, naked and without any confinement around her , was she was able to find home. (http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/images) Citations: Chopin, Kate. The Awakening. 1899. www. amazon. com/Kindle-eReader-eBook Retrieved on January 14, 2011. http://www. katechopin. org http://office. microsoft. com/en-us/images http://www. loyno. edu/~kchopin/Album10. html Reflechir: Vol. 1. Les images des prairies tremblantes: 1840-1940 by Cheniere Hurricane Centennial Committee.

The Declaration of Independence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Managment - Essay Example The likely effects of demand increases on Iron-ore prices: Price can be seen as the interaction between the supply and the demand quantity as can be seen in the Figure below. The resultant market price would therefore depend upon such interaction at a specific quantity. The transaction can be done when so ever the goods or services are agreed to be bought at the market price. When transaction occurs at this price the resulting output is the equilibrium or the market clearing price as show below. As the Chinese population continues to grow so does the demand for the minerals and metals, this has not only cause the rise of Iron-ore production but also of any other inputs products used in its formation in short the supply of iron-ore increases with the increasing demand of iron-ore. We can see this in diagram below that represents a rise in the demand of iron-ore. Figure  1  an increase in demand (P.S. the word Beer can be replace by any product) The diagram notifies the increase in demand for iron-ore has increased the quantity of its production moreover there is rise in price from p1 to p2. Thus, as the quantity raises so does the demand, this is the resulting effect. The likely effect of increase on Iron-ore production To meet the ever increasing demand of iron-ore in the market the production of its input supplies would even have to increase. Suppliers only increase the product supply where there is less marginal cost of production. Therefore, we see that there is an increase in supply as shown by the diagram below. Therefore, we can notice that any increase in demand would of course raise the supply, the price and the quantity of that product. To absorb the clear effects,... This paper approves that the notion of preference has a vital role in many of the disciplines, covering moral philosophy and also decision theory. Preferences and their properties of logic also have a vital role in the rational choice theory, a subject that in turn permeates the modern economics, as well as the other branches of formal social science. The notion of this preference and the way it is analyzed vary between these disciplines. The treatment that is yet lacking is the one that takes into account the requirement of all usages and tries to gather them in some unified approach. This entry surveys the most vital philosophical use of the preference concept and deeply looking into their compatibilities and conflicts. An increase number of people’s preference for work would shift the supply curve to the right side, and increase the employment from but however it would also reduce the wage rate from. This paper makes a conclusion that a preference that attributes to workers at work places varies from self-preferences off work. The characteristic of job preferences are supervision, retirement benefits, morning and late hours, job security, and easier type of work, the company, the wage rate, good and helpful co-workers, job advancement, and favorable working conditions. Women might not very much interested in working in a mining industry due to factors such as poor job security, unfavorable working conditions, difficulty of work and late hours at mining that might not be of their preference.

The Role of Marketing Branding Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Role of Marketing Branding - Essay Example From the case study Fairy’s brand, some of the aspects of the importance of branding can be seen despite the competitive forces in the picture. One of the biggest importance of branding is gaining market share and creating an advantage over the competition. According to Kotler and Armstrong (2008), market branding a product makes sure that the customer knows that the product exists and will always associate it with a particular need. This means that the product will have an edge over competition every time a customer seeks to feel a need relating to the particular product. The branding done by a company on a product will always try to convince the customer that only the product can provide the service required. From the case study, this can be seen where Fairy enjoys market share over competitors. The other importance of branding of a product is to motivate customer loyalty even with the presence of competitors and the advent of new products. With initial customer share, a bus iness can promote customer loyalty by the provision of products that change with time and customer needs, which ensures that the company is not stuck in a bubble. With Fairy products, the company evolved its products with time, ensuring that customer’s remain loyal (Palmer, 2009). ... From the above discussion, it is also evident that effective branding increases the credibility of the business to the final consumer, which ensures that its products gain an advantage in the market. Branding is one of the most important tools that a business can utilize to ensure that the customers understand its position in the market and take a market share over competitors. Even with the advent of technology, market branding helps an existing product evolve to join the new markets available, as in the case of Fairy products which evolved into the dishwasher business. Utilizing Market Orientation Kotler and Armstrong (2008) describe market orientation as a business technique where the company research a customer’s needs and produce a product that is suitable for the customer. This means that market orientation is a customer-focused strategy in the market, where the company focuses on reading customer behavior and producing products suited to fit these needs. One of the basi c market orientation techniques is conforming to customer preferences in production while at the same time producing quality products. From the case study, it is evident that Proctor and Gamble have a market-oriented approach to producing and marketing their products. The best example of this is where Proctor and Gamble realize that customers are tired of stocking up with different variants of low-value products, so they introduce a new variant with a slightly different brand. One of the key ways of developing a market-oriented product is by first understanding that the customer is the key driving force behind every product (Palmer, 2009).  

Marketing Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing Management - Coursework Example Just like any other industry, banks also have various methods of developing relationships with their customers and personal clients. In banks, customer loyalty remains the cornerstone of the current market conditions. Losing a customer in the banking industry is an absolute mistake especially when fighting with competitors in the market. Some of the common methods in which banks use to develop their ongoing customer relationships include building communication with their personal customers, enhancing customer services, extensive research on their clients and identifying of their customer needs and wants (Kotler & Keller, 2011, p. 173). Additionally, banks also develop their customer relationships by providing full disclosure while interacting with their personal customers. In order to develop relationships with their personal clients, most banks maintain effective financial-driven communication with their clients. Multiple communication systems between the clients and the banks help in creating openness between the customer and the banks. Barclays bank is known for its effective communication with its clients and personal customers. Generally, the bank has established good communication and rapport with its customers hence guaranteeing eagerness of customers doing business with the company. Proper identification of customer needs and wants in banks is usually accomplished by maintaining customer interaction and communication. Additionally, using background research remains important in establishing customer needs and wants. Both approaches help banks in developing relationships with its customers (Kotler & Keller, 2011, p. 67-73). This aspect mostly means focusing on provision of complete answers to customer concerns and queries. The whole process involves honesty during communications and setting reasonable expectations for personal clients. The whole process helps in building

Week 8 Intelligence Failures or Misperceptions Assignment - 1

Week 8 Intelligence Failures or Misperceptions - Assignment Example available information concerning the plots that led to the attacks, analyze it appropriately and disseminate it effectively in time in order to protect the public. This failure led to the launching of an unprecedented Joint Inquiry by the Congressional intelligence committees, in order to investigate the records of the Intelligence Community regarding the 9/11 attacks and make recommendations for further legislative action (Week 8 Professor’s Wrap Up Note). Another factor that supports the claim of intelligence failures is that, although the Intelligence Community provided sufficient warning of an imminent attack in mid-2001 against the United States by Osama Bin Laden, the Community never learned the plans for aircraft hijackings in advance, which occurred on September 11. In addition, inquiries arose on whether the Intelligence Community failed to provide precise information about the ability of Iraqi to develop and use weapons of mass destruction (WMD), or whether the Administration of Bush systematically misused intelligence to acquire support for launching Operation Iraqi Freedom in March 2003, as well as for continuing military operations in Iraq. As of today, the inquiry and research into both of the perceived major contemporary  intelligence failures continues. According to Paul Pillar argument, the intelligence community was aware prior to 9/11 of the threats and received many from al-Qaeda that they will attack America on American soil. Along with the high amount of threats received in the summer of 2001, Americans had several chances of taking out Bin Ladin. However, the president and the intelligence community failed to act aggressively on the threats. And in 1993 America was attacked with the bombing of the World Trade Center.   This is an evidence of failed community intelligence and a weakness or inexperience of leadership. Other similar examples include the decision to go to war with Iraq, which was pure weakness and failures in presidential

Difference in the Health Care Systems of the USA and Germany Research Paper

Difference in the Health Care Systems of the USA and Germany - Research Paper Example The combined health care system is the basis of the US healthcare system where both the private and public sectors play a significant role to present a convenient and superlative health care system. In most of the cases, there can be found an apparent authority of public element over the private element. A report says that in 2010, more than 64% of the US population got the private health insurance which means nearly 195.9 million people were covered by this sector. In the year 2011, the percentage of privately insured people was 63.9%. However, in the USA, there are two health care programmes, Medicare and Medicaid, which are supervised by the US federal Department of Health and Human Services. People over 65 years and above get Medicare service whereas Medicaid is a system that offers financial help to the poor. These systems cover nearly 87 million Americans. On the other hand, the act, Health Care Reform Provisions, which is known as Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (H. R. 3590)   was passed by the House of Representatives and signed by the U.S. President Barack Obama. The bill was passed on Sunday, March 21 and signed by the President on Tuesday, March 23. The bill, which is regarded as a comprehensive health care reform bill, was formally passed by the Senate on December 24, 2009.  Medicare benefits are provided through traditional fee-for-service handled by the federal government. In 2004, the US government spent $297 billion provided to support 42   million  Medicare beneficiaries. This system covers the people of 65 years of age and above. It includes payroll taxes, general revenue,   premium contributions and taxation of social safety benefits. Payroll taxes have been paid by most of the beneficiaries of standard Medicare during their working period to ensure their participation in Medicare  hospitalization programme.  

1980 African American Education Essay Example for Free

1980 African American Education Essay *In 1988, the enrollment of black men declined, while it increased for women. There were 179,000 black women in college, then black men. Percentage of highs school graduates going to college 1960-1970: Males exceeded women 1980s: women overtake men and never lost the lead Popular concentration in education in the 1980s 1981: business and management were the most popular of all black bachelors degree recipients. 13,325 blacks earned a bachelors degree in business and management (40% earned in historically black colleges). See more: Old Age Problem essay The Black and White Gap The average scores of black students have remained well below those of whites, and at age 17, the reading achievement of black students was lower last year than it was in 1988Ââ€"a depressing reversal of the gains made over the previous two decades, Michael T. Nettles, the vice chairman of the National Assessment Governing Board, said at a press conference held here late last month to release the results. The independent panel oversees National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). In just about every age group and in every subject, the test-score gap between white and African-American students has grown since 1986, reversing a trend in which the discrepancies decreased from the time the exams were first given in 1969, 1971, and 1973. Since the mid-1980s, gaps in several subjects and age groups have grown by statistically significant amounts. Resegregation occurring again Studies finds the causes for resegregation stemming from a number of social and political factors: a series of court rulings beginning in the late 1980s that reversed many of the desegregation orders, the growing isolation of whites in suburban schools, and the increasing segregation of blacks and Hispanics in suburban schools. Study suggest that students do better with same race teachers. Both black and white children score higher on mathematics and reading tests when their teachers are the same race as they are, a study of 6,000 Tennessee schoolchildren suggests.

The Epic of Gilgamesh Essay Example for Free

The Epic of Gilgamesh Essay The Epic of Gilgamesh is a third person journey about a man’s change from bad to good because of a character named Enkidu. Gilgamesh starts out a mean spirited, bitter, tyrant-like man and turns to a good humble like hero. Throughout the story different experiences and journeys lead Gilgamesh to this ending. On page 99, lines 2-50 Gilgamesh comes off as a cocky and selfish young king. In a way Gilgamesh cannot help but to be the selfish king that he is because, he came into this personality due to his upbringing and surroundings and his overall being. Gilgamesh is the handsomest, strongest, and most powerful man in the world. He also is two thirds god and his father was the king before him. On more than one occasion, he forces sex from women. On page 101 lines 77-78 it says â€Å"Gilgamesh leaves no girl to her mother†. Gilgamesh doesn’t only do this because he thinks that he can get whatever he wants from anyone but to also show that he is above everyone and anything, even a man and his virgin bride. Gilgamesh takes the virginity of these girls simply to prove this point. Gilgamesh also has his building and endeavors completed through forced labor. This shows that Gilgamesh doesn’t play favoritism when it comes to who he exploits; he equally demises warriors, the nobles, and the servants as equally beneath him. It is not until he meets Enkidu that he gets a glimpse of true bonding. For the first time in Gilgamesh’s life he experiences love and companionship. Yes, Gilgamesh did have female interactions but it was never actual love. The friendship that Gilgamesh had with Enkidu helped him gain the feeling of love and was the first step to him being molded into a better person. He doesn’t feel the love automatically and definitely doesn’t feel it in its entirety until after Enkidu passes. In the epic Enkidu played the role of Gilgamesh’s faithful sidekick and unknowingly showed Gilgamesh traits that he subliminally wanted to see in him. A trait that is used in the book is on page 121 lines 25-33, Enkidu asks Gilgamesh â€Å"why do you raise such unworthy objections? Now you pule! You make me ill. Now, my friend, this has dragged on long enough. The time has come to pour the copper into the cold. Will you take another hour to blow the bellows, an hour more to let it cool? To launch the flood weapon, to weep the lash, Retreat not a foot, you must not turn back, let your eyes see all, let your low strike home! Enkidu subtly showed him what it took to be the best ruler out there and humbled him even. The friendship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu is more beneficial to Gilgamesh and in a way leads to Enkidu’s demise. You sow what you reap and so, the gods decided that they had to punish one of the two for the fanatical journeys they decided to take against the gods for being immortal. Enkidu’s sole purpose in being was related only to Gilgamesh, so it makes sense that Gilgamesh was the main beneficiary. On the other hand, Gilgamesh changed from a wild man to a principled one. Just when it’s thought that one does more to better the other, it balances back out. That’s why they’re so equally matched. Although there were many, one particular adventure pushed the gods to their limits and caused Enkidu his life. Gilgamesh rejects the goddess of love’s affection. Infuriated, she had her father, Anu (the god of the sky) send the Bull of Heaven to penalize Gilgamesh. Always being by each other’s sides, Gilgamesh and Enkidu slay the bull. It was after this event that the gods met together in assembly and decided one of the two great men had to go. Enkidu suffers from great illness until he finally perishes. Even in death, Enkidu guides Gilgamesh down the right path. Page 132-134 lines 1-85 explain how when Enkidu dies Gilgamesh rids himself of his glory, wealth, and power with no remorse. Page 132-134 lines 1-85 explains how he felt about Enkidu leaving his side due to death by the gods. This action in itself shows you that Gilgamesh starts to make a change for the better. Enkidu dying is not the only event that helps to mold Gilgamesh into a better person. After Enkidu dies Gilgamesh decides to go on an expedition for the secret of eternal life. In lines 312-321 Gilgamesh does not find the secret to eternal life instead he finds knowledge to make him a better person and king overall. Uruk’s transformation, along with Gilgamesh’s is almost magical and immortal in itself. Gilgamesh accepts life for all that it is and accepts the wealth of the city he once ruled under a vicious hand as now plentiful and in superlative condition, which is better than any other riches in the world. Gilgamesh’s journey due to Enkidu’s death led to this realization. This shows how strong there bond is and how true friendship is enchanted.